Time has traditionally been measured according to the position of the sun in the sky, which is different depending on where you are in the world. In the nineteenth century, when mechanical clocks began to become popular, time was calculated locally. Since the time calculations were based on the position of the sun, they could vary by four minutes for each degree of longitude. A better system was required to enable an efficient operation of railways and new telecommunication systems.
UTC, also known as Universal Time Coordinated, replaced the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) in 1961 as the time calculation system by which all zones calculated their time. It’s based on the International Atomic Time (TAI), a high-precision time calculation which is composed of an average time of more than 200 atomic clocks around the world. However, in 1883, the United States began to use four standard time zones and in 1884 Britain sought to gain international acceptance for time zones around the world. Scientists created the time zone map by studying how the Earth moves. After realizing that it spins on an axis, it was noted that the Earth spins about 15 degrees every 60 minutes.
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In 1847, British railway companies began to standardize the time they were using by providing their staff with portable chronometers, resulting in what became known as ‘Railway Time’. However, in 1855, the Royal Greenwich Observatory started transmitting time signals and in 1880, the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) became the country’s official standard time.
Other countries created their own standard times and, in the late 1880s, the International Meridian Conference proposed a standardised 24-hour day, starting off at midnight GMT. Eventually the rest of the world began to use this system, shaping the time zones we know today.
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One chat windows. There are two standards by which a country’s time zone is categorized; the older of the two standards is Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) and the more modern of the two standards is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). However, there is no actual time difference between GMT and UTC and therefore the two can be used interchangeably.
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Time zones are regions of the earth divided by lines of longitude. There are 24 different time zones on earth to correlate with the 24 hours in each day and which are displayed in our time zone map here at World Clock. The UK sets the standard for Greenwich Mean Time at “GMT 0” and other countries can calculate their time zone in accordance with how many hours they are ahead of or behind the UK. For instance, Saudi Arabia, which is 3 hours ahead of the UK, has a time zone of “GMT +3” and Colombia, which is 5 hours behind the UK, has a time zone of “GMT -5”.
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Daylight Savings Time (DST) is practiced in certain parts of the world in order to allow for more hours of daylight during the working day. Therefore, for half of the year some countries adjust their clocks by one hour. World Clocks are adjusted forward by one hour in the early spring and then set back by one hour in the autumn. This means that, in the spring, a clock will go from 4:00 Standard Time to 5:00 DST.